SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS.

 

(1) The organization required under the A.R.P. schemes is colossal.

For all purposes including medical, a personnel of 1:30 of the Population is required at the lowest estimate.

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The medical personnel figure alone works out at approximately 1:50.

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(2) A large newly organized personnel is being recruited by the local authority and trained by the Order of St. John .and the British Red Cross Society.

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This personnel has to be maintained and their interest kept alive until "the millennium comes, or Air Forces are disbanded" (Wing Commander Hodsoll).

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(3) The civilian medical organization is founded on and closely corresponds to that of a force in the field.

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(4) Since public apathy is so great, and the conscience of many local authorities so dull, all efforts should be made to proceed with A.R.P. preparations with the greatest enthusiasm, energy, and speed.

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(5) .Education of the medical profession in medical organization, gas and military surgery is essential.

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APPENDIX 1.

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TIME TABLE OF PERFORMANCE OF MEDICAL UNITS IN AN AIR RAID ON A CONCENTRATED POPULATION.

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Number of casualties to be dealt with (maximum expectations). Daylight raid, by 36 machines:-

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Killed                                                          1,000

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Walking                                                      1,000

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Lying                                                           700

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Medical Units required to deal. with these numbers :

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First-aid parties                                                   20

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Motor Ambulances                                             20     May require to be increased if the journeys are                                                                                       long

First aid Posts                                                     4

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Casualty Clearing Hospitals                                3

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Base Hospitals                                                    2

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Capacity of Medical Establishments:

 

Motor Ambulances, each                                   4       lying or 6 sitting

 

First-aid posts, each                                           100                200 walking

 

Casualty Clearing Hospitals, each'                   200 beds admitting convoys at 150 at a time

Base Hospitals                                                   500 beds

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Time Table

 

Air Raid                                                      00.00 hours

 

F.A. Parties arrive                                     00.15 hours

 

Motor Ambulances arrive                         00.15 hours

 

F.A. Posts open                                         00.30 hours clear by 23.00 hour

 

C.C. Hospitals                                           ? open treatment minor cases

 

 

No. 1 opens 00.45                 No. 2 opens 02.30       No. 3 opens 05.00

         closes 02.00                 closes 04.00                 closes 0615

Evacuation begins 08.00    Evacuation begins 10.00      Evacuation begins 12.15

Evacuation ends 10.00          Evacuation ends    12.45

Evacuation ends 14.15

 

No. 1 2nd Convoy                  No. 2 2nd Convoy        No. 3 2nd Convoy

Opens . 10.00                        Opens        13.00          Opens        15.00

Closes .. . . 12.00                  Closes       14.15          Closes       16.00

Evacuation begins 18.00                          20.00                             23.00

Evacuation ends 20.00                             22.00                             25.00

 

If the distances from first-aid posts to casualty clearing hospitals are increased the times for transport will also be increased.

 

Base Hospitals.

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No.1 opens. ..                 08.00                 No. 2 opens                      18.00

Received from 1 C.C.H. 10.30 ,               Received from 1 C.C.H.   20.30

Received from 2 C.C.H. 13.15                 Received from 2 C.C.H.   22.30

Received from 3 C.C.H. 14.45                 Received from 3 C.C.C.   25.30

Closes                             15.00                 Closes                               26.00

 

 

NOTES.

 

A casualty clearing hospital completes taking-in in one and a quarter hours, allowing ten four-stretcher motor ambulances with a round journey of twenty minutes.

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Deciding that 40 per cent of the lying cases will be operated on at the casualty clearing hospital, sixty operations will be performed.

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Ten per cent of the convoy will remain, therefore 135 or thirty-four car loads require removal to the base hospital.

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The base hospital will be some miles away and forty minutes may be allowed for the round journey. Twelve cars will be required to do these journeys each, and the evacuation be complete in two hours.

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There are 700 lying cases to be dealt with; it is strongly recommended that, if three casualty clearing hospitals are available, convoys of 150 are sent to each in turn. 250 lying cases will therefore be held at the first aid posts until No. 1 Casualty Clearing Hospital is ready to take in again, about ten hours from zero. Five convoys will deal with the lying cases.

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Of the 1,000 walking cases, 5 per cent will become lying and 10 per cent will require operation.

 

These cases make up a sixth convoy to go to

 

No. 3 Casualty Clearing Hospital.

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These figures are optimistic. The personnel engaged will be new to the work, unused to working together, and staff arrangements may not be perfect. In the first raids, it will probably be necessary to add several hours to the performance timetable given above.

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PLAN OF CROYDON GENERAL HOSPITAL LAID OUT AS A C.C.H. OF 200 PATIENTS.

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Accommodation of each department is indicated in figures. Names of departments are indicated thus 0. The direction of the stream of patients is indicated by arrows.

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(1) Admission ambulances. (2) Stretcher dump. (3) Off. Loading point. (4) Reception. (5) Treatment. (6) Resuscitation. (7) Pre-operation. (8) Route to theatres. (9) Theatres. (10) Sterilizing . (11) Route to evacuation and serious surgical. (12) Evacuation sitting. (13) Evacuation lying. (14) Evacuation ambulances. (15) Serious surgical. (16) X-ray. (17) Quartermaster. (18) 0.0. (19) Personnel.

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The C.C.H. is confined to the' ground floor with the exception of two serious surgical wards on the first floor (male and female, 20 beds each). (By kind permission of Sir Henry Berney-Architect)

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